History of Modern Tourism Nepal 1950-Till now

History of Modern Tourism Nepal

 In 1767 A.D. King Prithvi Narayan Shah united the petty hill states into a single and integrated Nepal (1825 B.S.). Until the time of King Prithvi Narayan Shah, Nepal was off-limits to foreigners, particularly Europeans. The advent of tourists in Nepal in contemporary history was established by the William Kirk Patrick Mission in 1792. Even though Kirk Patrick came to Nepal as a military officer to gather data about the country, his book “An Account of the Kingdom of Nepal” served to promote Nepal to foreigners.

 Following the Treaty of Sugauli in 1816, Wallich was appointed a British Resident in Kathmandu to enhance Nepal’s ties with British India. Following that, British nationals made regular travels to Kathmandu. From 1850 to 1851, Jung Bahadur Rana visited Britain, which was important in presenting Nepal to the Western world. Sir Brian Hodgson and Sir Joseph Hooker later visited Nepal. During the era of Prime Minister Bir Samsher, French scholar Silva Levy visited Nepal. He authored a book on Nepal called History of the Hindu Kingdom in French (which was translated into the Nepali language by Dilli Raj Uprety).

 During the term of Prime Minister Chandra Shamsher, Percival Landon visited Nepal. Similarly, in 1911 and 1921, King George V and the Prince of Wales visited Nepal for hunting. The oldest documented record of foreign visitors to Nepal is found in Percival London’s book ‘Nepal, where 153 Europeans, largely British, are mentioned to have visited Kathmandu between 1881 and 1925. In 1924, George Mallory and Andrew Irvine attempted to climb Everest but went missing. Other mountaineers were also granted permission to ascend the peak under careful monitoring. Despite these achievements, the Rana kings kept Nepal secluded from outside influence until 1950.

In 1949, the first foreign trekker Bill Tillman came to Nepal to trek and to ABC and EBC.

The first flight into Gauchaur happened on 23 April 1949.

History of Nepal Tourism after 1950-1959.

1950/51 (2007 BS) i.Only a few visitors were permitted to visit Nepal by the Rana dictatorship. 

                     ii.Maurice Herzog, a French citizen, became the first person to reach the peak of Annapurna (8091m).

1951 (2008 BS), 104 years of autocracy of the Rana regime ended.

1952, Tony Hagen, a Swiss geologist, marketed Nepal to the international audience as the “Switzerland of Asia.". He was employed by the Nepal government for exploring and mapping the geography of Nepal, travelled 14000km in the Himalayas of Nepal and retired in 1972AD.

1953 (2010BS) i.May 29, Sir Edmund Hillary (New Zealand) and Tenzing Norgay Sherpa (Nepal)    reached the top of Mt. Everest (8848m) for the first time (2010 BS Jestha 16).

                          ii. Obtained membership of UNESCO. 

                          iii. Modern tourism begins in Nepal.

1955  i.15 June Gauchaur Airport was inaugurated by King Mahendra renaming it Tribhuvan Airport in memory of the king's father (2012 Asar 12).

           ii.14 Dec Obtained membership in the UN as 72 members.

        iii.Nepal issued its first tourist visa to Boris Lisanevich, a Russian hotelier King Mahendra Bir Bikram Shah invited to allow the Thomas Cook Company to send tourists to Nepal. Boris established the first hotel "Royal Hotel" and began catering for tourists.

1956 (2013 BS) National Tourism Council set up the first 5-year tourism development plan under the Ministry of Industry and Commerce.

1957 The Department of Civil Aviation was formed under the Ministry of Work, Communication and Transport.

1958 (2015 BS) i.1 July Royal Nepal Airlines Cooperation (RNAC) was established (2015 BS Asar 17).

                          ii.8 July Bhairahawa Airport established (2015 BS Asar 24).

1959   i. Tourism board introduced. 

           ii. Obtained membership in the International Union of Official Travel Organizations.

        iii. Statutory regulations regarding Civil aviation were introduced under the Civil Aviation Act, of 1959 (2015 BS).

  History of Nepal Tourism from 1960-1969 AD

1960 Obtained membership of ICAO

1961 Tourism Department was formed under the Ministry of Work, Communication and Transport.

1964 i.Tribhuvan Airport was renamed Tribhuvan International Airport in 1964.

      ii.First trekking agency “Mountain Travel Trekking Agency ” now “Tiger Mountain” was established by Colonel Jimmy Robert. He had started “Tiger Tops” in Chitwan National Park to accommodate tourists who enjoy jungle activities. He is regarded as the “Father of Trekking in Nepal” and a role model in teaching and implementing management in tourism in Nepal.

1965 i.June 15 Everest Travel Service, established the first travel agency in Nepal.

   ii.Conquered 8000 + mountains. Established Nepal as the best destination for expedition and climbing.

1966 (2023 BS). i.10 Mar, NATTA established.

                           ii.HAN established

1967 1st Mar, Inauguration of Bhairahawa Bimaghhat under the Indian govt assistance program of the GON.

1960-70’s. Nepal became a popular tourist Hippies destination. Hippies who followed radical and liberal anti-war philosophy with “mind exploring” activities such as sex, drugs and religion began travelling in Nepal.

History of Nepal Tourism from 1970-1979 AD

1972 (2029 BS) i.a Tourism master plan was formulated with German assistance that led to the concept of spreading economic activity in Nepal.

ii. The Government of Nepal established the Hotel Management and Tourism Training Center (HMTTC), now Nepal Academy of Tourism   & Hotel Management (NATHM), to produce a skilled workforce required by the hospitality and tourism industry.

1973 i.Chitwan National Park (2030 BS.) was officially established. 

         ii. 1st Nov Established NMA (allows the permit to 27 peaks.

        iii. Himalayan Rescue Association established.

1975 i.Obtained membership in World Tourism Organizations.

        ii.Obtained membership of PATA.

1976 i.Established Langtang, Bardiya, Sagarmatha ,Rara National Park (2032 BS). 

        ii.Koshi Tappu WLR (2032 BS).

1978 (2035) i.Established Tourism as a separate Ministry ( 2034 BS).

                    ii.First Tourism Act endorsed as Tourism Act 2035 was published.

                    iii.TAAN was established to develop and promote Nepal's trekking sector.

1979 (2036 BS) i.Sagarmatha National Park is listed as Nepal's first natural world heritage site.

                           ii.UNESCO World Heritage  Kathmandu Valley (contains 7 heritage sites).

                           iii.26 Jan Tourist Police established (2035 BS  Magh 12).

                        iv.Hashish and marijuana were legal in Nepal until the Drug Enforcement Administration was established by the Nepal government to discourage the use of drugs. Hippie played the role of ambassador and kept on telling the cultural and natural beauties of Nepal to the outer world. The film was about hippies and their activities in the Hindi movie “Hare Ram Hare Krishna” by the late Dev Anand.

History of Nepal Tourism from 1980-1989 AD

1980 (2037) The Department of National Park and Wildlife Conservation ( DNPWC) was established.

1982 (2039 BS) i. Civil aviation was added to the Ministry of Tourism and named MoTCA.

                          ii. National Trust for Nature Conservation (NTNC) established 

1984 i.Chitwan National Park is listed as a natural world heritage site.

       ii.Shey Phoksundo (2040 BS) National Park was established.

      iii.Khaptad NP (2042 BS) National Park was established.

1985 (2042 BS) i.Oct 30,1^st amendment of Tourism Act 2035.

                           ii. Dec 8 SAARC membership as founding members.

1987  Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve established (2044 BS) 

1989 i.26th Dec NARA established  (2046 Push 11).

During 1975-1991, Nepal became a hot spot for holidaymakers, adventure seekers and cultural tourists. The flow of tourists increased in the Nepalese tourism industry.

 History of Nepal Tourism from 1990-1999 AD

1991 Makalau barun (2049 BS) National Park established.

1992 (2049 BS) i.  Annapurna conservation area established (2049 BS).

                            ii. Nepal adopted a liberal sky policy.

                            iii. 14 Sept,1st private airline company of Nepal Necon Air was established.

1993 (2050 BS) GON introduced its first-ever Civil Aviation Policy in 2050 B.S.

1995 (2052 BS) First Tourism Policy 2052 was endorsed.

1996 (2053 BS) the Civil Aviation Act published.

1997 (2054 BS) i.  Kanchenjunga conservation area established (2054 BS).

                          ii. Lumbini is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

                          iii.2^nd Amendment of Tourism Act 2035.

                          iv. Published Nepal Tourism Board  Act 2053 Magh 23.

1998 (2055 BS) i. Mansalu conservation area established (2055 BS).

                          ii. Nepal celebrated 1^st tourism year with the slogan "A World of its own".

                          iii. Established of UNESCO office at Kathmandu.

                          iv. Established NTB, to promote the tourism sector, 2055 Push 16

                      v.Established CAAN under the 1996 CA Act, 2055 Push 16. (iv -v  formed after repealing Civil Aviation and Tourism Department 2055 BS).

1999 i. The downfall of tourism in Nepal started with the hijacking of Indian airlines from Tribhuvan International Airport.

          ii. Bhairahawa Airport was renamed Gautama Buddha International Airport.

Dark period, 1999-2005: due to Maoist insurgency.

History of Nepal Tourism from 2000-2009

2000 (2057 BS) i. Culture was added to the Ministry of Tourism and named MoCTCA.

                           ii. Sirubari village was declared the 1st  model tourist village of Nepal.

2001, i.Royal massacre and Maoist insurgency contributed to the downfall until 2006.

           ii.Sept, TRPAP was launched in Nepal by GON and UNDP.

2002/03 i.Celebrated as Destination Nepal year.

 2002  i. Shivapuri National Park was established (2058 BS).

           ii. May 2, Mountaineering regulations published.

           iii.Nepal Mountain Academy was established under the MoTCA.

2004 Feb 8 Nepal obtained membership of BIMSTEC as the last member.

2005 i.King Gyanedra coup and suspended the constitution.

          ii.8 June Travel and Trekking agency regulations published.

2006 i. a comprehensive peace agreement between the government and Maoists was signed, declaring Nepal as a Federal and Republic nation from the 4th amendment of the interim constitution 2063. 

          ii.2 June 1^st amendment of Travel and Trekking Agency Regulations.

           iii. Sept 9, Rafting Regulations published.

2007 6 Aug,1st amendment of Mountaineering regulations.

2008 i.Jan 1, TIMS card implemented.

         ii.2052 (1995) Tourism Policy modified and named Tourism Policy 2065.

         iii. Culture was separated from the Ministry of Tourism and named MoTCA (2065 BS Bhadra,15).

          iv. 1^st amendment of Rafting Regulations published.

2009 Krishnasar Conservation Area established (2065 BS)

History of Nepal Tourism from 2010-2019

2010 i. Homestay begins in Nepal 2067 BS  Bhadra, 1.(Kavre Gaun,Kaski first official homestay of Nepal 2067 Push 20)

         ii. Gaurishanker Conservation Area established  (2066 BS)

         iii Api Nampa conservation area established (2067 BS)

        iv. Banke National Park established (2067 BS)

2011, “Nepal Tourism Year” with the slogan “Together for Tourism” with a target of 10 lakh tourist arrivals, where only 7,36,215 international visitors visited Nepal. ( Inauguration- 2067 Push 30 (14 Jan 2011) 

2012, i. 18 May, Again Culture was added to the Ministry of Tourism and named MoCTCA,2069 Jestha 5.

           ii. Lumbini visit year was celebrated in 2012 (Inauguration- 2012-Jan 12) with a target of 5 lakh tourist arrivals.

2013 2nd Amendment of Rafting Regulations.

2014 Department of Tourism reformed again,2071 BS Bhadra 2.

2016 (2073 BS) i.Established Pokhara International Airport as Nepal's 3rd international airport.

                         ii. National Tourism Strategic Plan (NTSP) 2016-2025 published with a target of 25 lakh tourist arrivals till 2025 (2073 BS Jestha 31).

2017. i. Sukhaphanta National Park was established (2073 BS)

         ii. Parsa National Park established (2074 BS)

2018 (2075 BS), 6^th Amendment of Travel and Trekking Agency Regulations.

                                                History of Nepal Tourism from 2020-2025

2020 (2077 BS), the Government forecasted 2020 as the Visit Nepal 2020 "Lifetime experience" year with the target of 20 lakh tourist arrivals but again industry suffered from the Covid-19 pandemic. After 2022 tourism slowly geared up but the condition is not satisfactory.

2022 (2079 BS) i.May 16 Gautama Buddha Airport inaugurated 2079 BS Jestha 2.

                          ii. July, GON announced 2023-2032 as the "Nepal Tourism Decade" with a target of USD125 per tourist per day spending and a target of tourist arrivals by 10 lakh.

2023(2080 BS) i. March 31, E-TIMS was implemented.

                          ii. Jan1 Pokhara International Airport begin its operations, 2079 BS Push 17.

                          iii. Target tourist arrivals of 10 lakh by 2032.

                     iv."Nepal Ghumau, Nepal Chinau" program to be launched to promote domestic tourism, budget of 80/81.

2024 17 March Pokhara declared as the tourism capital of Nepal 2080-Chaitra 4

2025 (2082 BS) Special Tourism Year.

# Policies relating to Tourism  highlighted in Part 4, Articles 51, L of Nepal Constitution 2072 (to develop eco-friendly tourism industries as the main base of the national economy by way of identification, protection, promotion and publicity of ancient culture, religious, archaeological and natural heritage of Nepal, to make environment and policy required for the development of tourism culture and to accord priority to local people in the distribution of benefits of tourism industries.)

5-TIMS, 15 Region Fee,12-NP,6-CA,1-WLR,1-HR of Nepal Entrance Fee.

 Different 5 categories of Trekking Permits in Nepal:

1. Trekkers Information Management System 2008 January 1 (Old TIMS).

1.  Jointly implemented by (NTB and Trekking Agencies Association of Nepal (TAAN) to ensure the safety and security of trekkers and to control illegal trekking operations.

2.  Trekking companies have to fill up the personal information of trekkers (passport numbers, nationality their contact address and their itinerary). The data will be uploaded to the visitors’ database which can be accessed in case of accidents and/or natural calamities to inform the concerned institutions about the number of trekkers inside a certain trekking area.

3.   TIM's cards should be collected by both Free Individual Trekkers (FITs) and trekkers taking the service of government-authorized trekking agencies.

4. Past experiences have revealed that difficulties were seen while carrying out rescue operations during times of accidents and natural calamities. Due to the lack of a proper record system of trekkers, rescue and search missions used to face difficulties in spotting the missing trekkers. Based on the data collected through TIM's cards, however, it will be possible to know the position of a trekker in case a rescue operation is needed.

5.  Came into effect on January 1, 2008. Since then, the TAAN and NTB started recording trekkers’ details and began issuing TIMS cards to trekkers.

6.    As per the recent MoU signed by NTB and TAAN, TIM's card is applicable in all trekking areas of the country including restricted areas. Group trekkers will have to pay for Blue TIMS cards by paying a fee of Rs 1,000 per person, while FITs have to get Green TIMS cards by paying a fee of Rs 2,000. Similarly, group trekkers from SAARC countries have to pay Rs 300 for TIMS cards, while FITs from the SAARC region have to pay Rs 600 each.

E-TIMS is currently known as the new Trekkers Information Management System.

1. E-TIMs Card (New One) is the latest trekking permit which came into effect from March 31,2023 where E-TIMs permit is not available for Free Individual Trekkers (FITs) but for group trekkers taking the service of government-authorized trekking agencies only.

2. Jointly implemented by the NTB and TAAN to ensure the safety and security of trekkers and to control illegal trekking operations in Nepal.

3. In the past TIMs Permit was issued by the Nepal Tourist Board to FIT directly by filling up the form available in the Tourism office at Bhrikutimandap. Since the 1st of April 2023, E-TIMS card has been mandatory for all trekking areas of Nepal except the restricted areas where trekkers received special permits from the Department of Immigration Office.

4. TIMS cards costs NPR 2000 per person for non-SAARC and NPR 1000 for SAARC.

5. If any of the trekkers are found travelling on designated trekking trails without a guide or TIMS card face a Rs12,000 fine.

Required documents for E-TIMS:

1.  Online application form for trekkers.

2.  Copy of Passport

3. A copy of a valid Visa sufficient to cover trekking days

4. Name lists of trekkers, guides and details of trek route.

5.  Program Schedule of trekking.  

6.  Company registration certificate.

7. Company Permanent Account Number (PAN/VAT Certificate).

8.  Tax payment certificate.

9. License Renewal Certificate issued by the Tourism Department/Regional Ministry.

10. TAAN's renewed membership certificate.

11. Documents relating to the insurance of the trekkers (foreign nationals) and Nepalese staff accompanying the trekkers.

(Only government-registered trek agencies and TAAN members can obtain the TIMs. Before applying for E-TIMS one agency should be registered on a website called tims.ntb.gov.np/login then all the documents should uploaded and online payment should be done while filling up the online application form).

TIMS Card is compulsory for trekking in all trekking areas in the country. However, TIM's cards aren’t required for the following:  

1. Expedition members with mountaineering permits issued by the government and Nepal Mountaineering Association.

2. Trekkers having special trekking permits for any 15 restricted areas of Nepal  issued by the Department of Immigration  

3.  Foreign guests invited by the Government of Nepal.   

4. Authorities from the various diplomatic missions present in the country, hold official letters and travel at their own risk.

5. Visitors on certain missions recommended by the concerned Governmental Department(s)   

6.  Foreign Nationals possessing a residential visa.

7. Children below 10 years old.

8. Helicopter hike.

Advantages of TIM's card

1. Discouraged illegal operation in the trekking business.

2. Control the illegal activities in the trekking business.

3. Quick response operation during emergencies.

4. More employment opportunities for experienced guides and field staff can be generated.

5. Easier to decrease pressure on trekking routes by diverting trekkers to other routes.

2. Trekking Permit or Restricted Areas Permit (RAP).

1. There are 15 restricted areas in Nepal covering 29 rural municipalities of 13 districts. Upper Dolpa and Upper Mustang (USD 500 per person/day for the first 10 days, USD 50 per person/day beyond 10 days) are the most restricted areas of Nepal. 

2.Trekkers in Nepal are allowed to trek as FIT (Free Individual Trekkers) or in groups of various sizes. However, there are certain trekking regions known as 'Restricted Areas' that are highly regulated by the Government of Nepal and hence FITs are strictly forbidden.

3. Trekking in these areas is allowed only upon acquiring a permit from the Department of Immigration. 

4. Interested trekkers should contact the authorized trekking agencies who then can apply for permits (on behalf of trekkers) at the Department of Immigration fulfilling all the necessary formalities. Trekkers should be trekking in a group (of a minimum of 2 persons) accompanied by a licensed trekking guide. Individual trekkers cannot apply for the permit.

5. Trekking Permits or special permit fees are applicable for different routes to acquire the Permits to trek in restricted areas. Permit fees are quoted in US dollars but payable in Nepali Rupees. A trekking permit is not issued beyond the visa expiration date. Hence, trekkers must have valid visas for a sufficient number of days covering their trekking schedule.

Conditions to be followed by Trekkers:

1. Trekkers should respect local customs and traditions and must not indulge in any activity that goes against the established norms and culture of the society.
2. Individual trekking in Restricted Areas is strictly forbidden. There should be a minimum of 2 trekkers.
3. Daily remuneration, safety gear appropriate clothes, and Personal Accident insurance must be provided to Nepali citizens accompanying the travel group as guide/porter/any other supporting roles.
4. Trekkers should trek only in the specified or designated route as per the Trekking Permit. They are not allowed to change routes. Or concerned trekking agency/trekking guide accompanying the group must not let trekkers change the route.
5. Trekkers should comply with instructions given by authorized Officials in the trekking zone (Restricted Area).
6. Mountaineers with expedition permits should get trekking permits as well if they have to pass through Restricted Areas to climb peaks. In this case, they do not need to pay fees for (Trekking) Permit.

Authorized agencies can only apply for trekking permits along with the following 1. Online application form (trekkers)

1. Online application form (trekkers)

2. Copy of Passport

3. A copy of a valid Visa sufficient to cover trekking days

4. Name lists of trekkers, guides and details of trek route.

5. Program Schedule of trekking.

6. Guarantee letter of Agency

7. Agreement with Agency

8. Tax clearance Certificate of Trekking Agency

9. Documents relating to the insurance of the trekkers (foreign nationals) and Nepalese staff accompanying the trekkers.

10. A license issued by The Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Civil Aviation to operate a trekking business.

11. A license issued by Nepal Rastra Bank allowing exchanging of foreign currencies

12. Registration Certificate of Permanent Account Number

13. Voucher of Bank payment (fees) for permits.

(Only government-registered trek agencies and TAAN members are eligible to obtain the trekking permit. Before applying for E-TIMS one agency should be registered on a website called nepaliport.immigration.gov.np/trekking/login then all the documents should uploaded and online payment should done while filling up the online application form).

3. National Park Permit

1. A national park permit is another permit that is required for trekking in Nepal.

2. Total land of  Nepal is 1,47,181 sq/km which covers 0.3 % of Asia,0.03% world's area 1.1% of the world's fauna and 3.2 % of the world's flora. There are 12 National Parks, 1 hunting reserve, 1 wildlife reserve and 13 buffer zones extending from lowland terai to high mountains covering 23.39% as protected land of the total country land. All these are monitored by the Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation (DNPWC). DNPWC was established in 2037 BS (1980 AD) to manage and conserve the wildlife and biodiversity of Nepal. 

3. These protected areas cover 80 out of 118 ecosystems of Nepal and landscapes of the high mountain region, hilly region, and plain region of the country. 

4. National park permits are issued at Bhrikuti Mandap by the Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation (DNPWC) located within the Nepal Tourism Board building.

4. Conservation Area Permit

1. A conservation permit is similar to a national park permit which is issued and managed by The National Trust for Nature Conservation (NTNC).

2. NTNC was established in  (2039 BS) 1982 AD under a Legislative Act to work in the field of nature conservation in Nepal and is a not-for-profit organization.

3. There are 6 conservation areas in Nepal which are listed below with their respective fee for trekking. All the visitors who are entering these conservation areas require purchasing a Conservation permit before starting their treks or tours.

4. Conservation permits are issued at Bhrikuti Mandap by the National Trust for Nature Conservation (NTNC) permit counter located within the Nepal Tourism Board building.

5. Rural Municipality Trekking Permit

1. The Rural Municipality (RM) administrative division was established in 2017 (2074 BS) and replaced the existing village development committees.

2. There are currently 6 metropolitans, 11 sub-metropolitans, 276 municipalities 460 rural municipalities and 6743 wards in Nepal.

3. Since 2018 Khumbu Pasang Lhamu Rural Municipality has been the only local-level government among all the rural municipalities that implemented the trekking permit rule for trekkers in the Khumbu region. Before the TIMS Card permit was used carried by all trekkers in the Everest region.

4. Khumbu Pasang Lhamu Rural Municipality costs NPR 2000 for every individual.

12 National Parks, 6-Conservation Areas, 1- Wildlife Reserve and 1- Hunting Reserve Entrance Fees.

S.No.	Name	Category	SAARC	Foreigners	Child discount
1	Chitwan National Park (2030 BS/1973)	National Parks	NRs. 1,000 per person per entry	NRs. 2,000 per person per entry	Below 10 yrs free
2	Sagarmatha NationalPark(2032 BS)	National Parks	NRs. 1,500 per person per entry	NRs. 3,000 per person per entry	Below 10 yrs free
3	Rara National Park (2032 BS)	National Parks	NRs. 1,500 per person per entry	NRs. 3,000 per person per entry	Below 10 yrs free
4	Shey-Phoksundo National Park (2040 BS)	National Parks	NRs. 1,500 per person per entry	NRs. 3,000 per person per entry	Below 10 yrs free
5	Langtang National Park (2032 BS)	National Parks	NRs. 1,500 per person per entry	NRs. 3,000 per person per entry	Below 10 yrs free
6	Makalu-Barun National Park (2049 BS)	National Parks	NRs. 1,500 per person per entry	NRs. 3,000 per person per entry	Below 10 yrs free
7	Banke National Park (2067 BS/2010)	National Parks	NRs. 750 per person per entry	NRs. 1,500 per person per entry	Below 10 yrs free
8	Bardia National Park (2032 BS)	National Parks	NRs. 750 per person per entry	NRs. 1,500 per person per entry	Below 10 yrs free
9	Shuklaphanta National Park (2073 BS/2017)	National Parks	NRs. 750 per person per entry	NRs. 1,500 per person per entry	Below 10 yrs free
10	Parsa National Park (2074 BS)	National Parks	NRs. 750 per person per entry	NRs. 1,500 per person per entry	Below 10 yrs free
11	Khaptad National Park (2042 BS)	National Parks	NRs. 500 per person per entry	NRs. 1,500 per person per entry	Below 10 yrs free
12	Shivapuri- Nagarjun National Park (2058 BS)	National Parks	NRs. 600 per person per entry	NRs. 1,000 per person per entry	Below 10 yrs free
13	Koshi Tappu Wildlife (2032 BS)	WildlifeReserve	NRs. 750 per person per entry	NRs. 1,500 per person per entry	Below 10 yrs free
14	Dhorpatan (2044 BS)	Hunting Reserve	NRs. 1,500 per person entry	NRs. 3,000 per person per entry	Below 10 yrs free
15	Kanchenjunga Conservation Area (2054 BS)	Conservation Areas	NRs. 500 per person per entry	NRs. 2,000 per person per entry	Below 10 yrs free
16	Api Nampa Conservation Area (2067 BS)	Conservation Areas	NRs. 500 per person per entry	NRs. 2,000 per person per entry	Below 10 yrs free
17	Blackbuck Conservation Area (2065 BS)	Conservation Areas	NRs. 500 per person per entry	NRs. 2,000 per person per entry	Below 10 yrs free
18	Annapurna Conservation Area (2049 BS)	Conservation Areas	NRs. 1,000 per person per entry	NRs. 3,000 per person per entry	Below 10 yrs free
19	Manaslu Conservation Area (2055 BS)	Conservation Areas	NRs. 1,000 per person per entry	NRs. 3,000 per person per entry	Below 10 yrs free
20	Gaurishanker Conservation Area (2066 BS)	Conservation Areas	NRs. 1,000 per person per entry	NRs. 3,000 per person per entry	Below 10 yrs free

For Nepali, the entrance fee is NRs 100 per person per entry in all protected areas except Chitwan NP (NRs150).

 15 Restricted Region Trekking Route and Permit Fee:

15 Region of 29 Rural municipality	Permit Fees.
1. Taplejung-Province 1 Phantanglung Rural Municipality (All areas of wards nos. 6 and 7) Mikwakhola Rural Municipality (All areas of ward no. 5) Sirijunga Rural Municipality (All areas of ward no. 8)	USD 20 per person/week  (for the first 4 weeks) USD 25 per person/week  ( beyond 4 weeks)
2. Sankhuwasabha -Province 1 Bhotkhola Rural Municipality (All areas of ward no. 1 to 5) Makalu Rural Municipality (All areas of ward no. 4)	USD 20 per person/ week (for the first 4 weeks) USD 25 per person /week  ( beyond 4 weeks)
3. Solukhumbu- Province 1:  a.Khumbu Pasang Lahmu Rural Municipality (All areas of ward no. 5)	USD 20 per person/ week  (for the first 4 weeks) USD 25 per person /week  ( beyond 4 weeks)
4. Rasuwa- Province 3:  a.Gosaikunda Rural Municipality (All areas of Ward no. 1 and some areas of Ward no. 2)	USD 20 per person /week
5. Dolakha-Province 3 Gaurishankhar Rural Municipality (All areas of ward no. 9) Bighu Rural Municipality (All areas of ward no. 1)	USD 20 per person/ week
6. Gorkha Manaslu Area-Province 4 Chumnubri Rural Municipality (All areas of ward nos. 1,2,3 and 4)	*September – November USD 100 per person/week USD 15 per person/day (beyond 1 week) *December – August USD 75 per person/week USD 10 per person/day (beyond 1 week)
7. Gorkha Tsum Valley Area- Province 4 Sirdibas-Lokpa-Chumling-Chekampar-Nile-Chule Chumnubri   Rural Municipality (All areas of ward nos. 3,6 and 7)	*September – November USD 40 per person/week USD 7 per person/day (beyond 1 week) *December – August USD 30 per person/week USD 7 per person/day (beyond 1 week)
8. Manang- Province 4 Narpa Rural Municipality (All areas of ward no. 1 to 5) Nasho Rural Municipality (All areas of ward no. 6 and 7)	*September – November USD 100 per person/week USD 15 per person/day (beyond 1 week) *December – August USD 75 per person/week USD 15 per person/day (beyond 1 week)
9. Upper Mustang- Province 4 Lomanthang Rural Municipality (All areas of ward no. 1 to 5) Lo-Ghekar Damodarkunda Rural Municipality (All areas of ward no. 1 to 5) Baragung Muktichetra Rural Municipality (All areas of ward no. 3 and Satang Village of ward no.5)	USD500 per person  (for the first 10 days) USD 50 per person /Day  ( beyond 10 days)
10.Upper Dolpa- Province 6 Dolpo Buddha Rural Municipality (All areas of ward no. 4 to 6) Shey Phoksundo Rural Municipality (All areas of ward no. 1 to 7) Charka Tangsong Rural Municipality (All areas of ward no. 1 to 6)	USD500 per person  (for the first 10 days) USD 50 per person /Day  ( beyond 10 days)
11. Lower Dolpa Area – Province 6 Thulibheri municipality (All areas of ward no. 1 to 11) Tripurasundari municipality (All areas of ward no. 1 to 11) Dolpo Buddha Rural Municipality (All areas of ward no. 1 to 3) Shey Phoksundo Rural Municipality (All areas of ward no. 8 and 9) Jagdulla Rural Municipality (All areas of ward no. 1 to 6) Mudkechula Rural Municipality (All areas of ward no. 1 to 9) Kaike Rural Municipality (All areas of ward no. 1 to 7)	USD 20 per person/week USD 5 per person /day  ( beyond 1 week)
12. Humla- Province 6 Simikot Rural Municipality (All areas of ward nos. 1,6 and 7) Namkha Rural Municipality (All areas of ward no. 1 to 6) Changkheli Rural Municipality (All areas of ward no. 3 to 5)	USD 50 per person/week USD 10 per person/day (beyond 1 week)
13. Mugu- Province 6: Mugumakarmarong Rural Municipality (All areas of ward no. 1 to 9)	USD 100 per person/week USD 15 per person/day (beyond 1 week)
14. Bajhang- Province 7: Saipal Rural Municipality (All areas of ward no. 1 to 5)	USD 90 per person/week for the first week USD 15 per person/day (beyond 1 week)
15.Darchula- Province 7: Vyas Rural Municipality (All areas of ward no. 1)	USD 90 per person/week for the first week USD 15 per person/day (beyond 1 week)